If you’re planning to study in the UK, it’s important to understand how your academic performance will be assessed. The UK university grading system is different from the GPA or percentage systems used in many other countries. It uses a degree classification system, especially at the undergraduate level, to indicate student achievement.
In this guide, we’ll explain how the British university grading system works, break down each classification, and provide useful comparisons for international students.
What is the UK University Grading System?
The UK grading system classifies undergraduate degrees into several “honours” categories. These classifications indicate how well a student has performed academically. For postgraduate degrees, pass marks and distinctions are used.
This grading structure is recognized across the UK and provides a consistent way to assess academic success.
Breakdown of the UK University Grading System
Undergraduate Degree Classifications (Honours)
| Classification | Percentage Range | Description |
|---|---|---|
| First-Class Honours (1st) | 70% and above | Excellent academic performance |
| Upper Second-Class Honours (2:1) | 60–69% | Good performance (Above average) |
| Lower Second-Class Honours (2:2) | 50–59% | Satisfactory performance |
| Third-Class Honours (3rd) | 40–49% | Minimum pass |
| Ordinary/Pass Degree (without honours) | 35–39% | Awarded without honours |
| Fail | Below 40% | Did not meet the pass requirements |
🔹 Note: Most UK universities require a minimum of a 2:1 classification for postgraduate study admission.
UK bachelor’s degrees with honours are awarded in four main classifications, based on a student’s final average marks. Each classification reflects a different level of academic achievement:
1. First-Class Honours (1st) – 70% and above
This is the highest classification awarded in the UK.
- What it means: You have demonstrated outstanding academic performance, excellent understanding of the subject, and high-quality coursework and assessments.
- Job and study prospects: Highly regarded by employers and often required for admission to competitive postgraduate programs or scholarships.
2. Upper Second-Class Honours (2:1) – 60–69%
Also known as a “two-one“, this is the most commonly awarded classification.
- What it means: You have shown strong knowledge and skills, with consistent academic work.
- Job and study prospects: Widely accepted by employers and universities. Most postgraduate programs in the UK require at least a 2:1.
3. Lower Second-Class Honours (2:2) – 50–59%
Referred to as a “two-two”, this indicates satisfactory academic performance.
- What it means: You have passed all assessments but with more room for improvement.
- Job and study prospects: Accepted for many jobs and some postgraduate courses, though fewer than with a 2:1.
4. Third-Class Honours (3rd) – 40–49%
This is the lowest honours degree classification.
- What it means: You met the minimum requirements to graduate with honours, but your academic performance was basic.
- Job and study prospects: May limit opportunities for higher studies or competitive careers.
5. Ordinary/Pass Degree – 35–39%
Awarded when a student completes enough credits to graduate but doesn’t meet the criteria for honours.
- What it means: You passed the course but didn’t qualify for honours.
- Job and study prospects: May limit your chances for further academic progression or job competitiveness.
Postgraduate Degree Grades (Master’s Programs)
| Classification | Percentage Range | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Distinction | 70% and above | Exceptional achievement |
| Merit | 60–69% | Strong performance |
| Pass | 50–59% | Satisfactory achievement |
| Fail | Below 50% | Did not meet minimum requirements |
How University Grades in the UK Are Calculated
Grades are typically calculated from a combination of:
- Coursework
- Exams
- Dissertation or final project
- Presentations and group work
Each university may weigh these components differently, but final classifications are based on overall average marks.
British University Grading System vs Other Countries
| Country | Equivalent to UK 1st | Equivalent to 2:1 | Equivalent to 2:2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | 4.0 GPA | 3.3–3.7 GPA | 2.7–3.2 GPA |
| India | 75%+ (Distinction) | 60–74% | 50–59% |
| Canada | A | B+ | B |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is a 2:1 in UK grading?
A 2:1 (Upper Second-Class Honours) is awarded for scores between 60–69%. It is a strong academic performance and is often the minimum requirement for competitive jobs or postgraduate admissions.
Is 70% a good grade in the UK?
Yes, 70% and above in the UK grading system is considered First-Class Honours, the highest classification awarded.
Can international students understand UK university grades easily?
Yes, once you’re familiar with the grading bands and how they align with global systems, it’s easy to understand. Many universities also offer grade equivalency charts.
What happens if I fail a module?
Most universities allow you to resit or retake the module. However, the maximum grade you can receive may be capped (e.g., pass mark only).
Final Thoughts
The UK university grading system may look different at first, but it is fair, structured, and internationally recognized. Whether you are aiming for a First-Class Honours or preparing for a Master’s degree, understanding how university grades in the UK work will help you stay on top of your academic goals.